Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the three-month survival rate of myocardial infarction (MI) patients in Kashan, Iran, and identify key prognostic determinants. The hypothesis tested was that specific demographic and clinical factors are associated with increased mortality within three months of MI.
Design: Retrospective study.
Setting: Single-center study at Shahid Beheshti Hospital, a tertiary medical center in Kashan, Iran.
Participants: 120 MI patients admitted between 2017 and 2021 were identified from the hospital’s archival system. MI diagnosis was confirmed based on established clinical criteria including electrocardiogram (ECG) findings, elevated cardiac enzyme levels, and expert confirmation by certified cardiologists. The study included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of MI, established through ECG changes, elevated cardiac enzymes, and specialist confirmation. Patients were excluded if their records were incomplete or if they were referred to other medical centers for continuing care.
Interventions: N/A (retrospective study).
Outcome Measures: The primary outcome measure was three-month all-cause mortality following MI. Measurements included demographic data, clinical history, and cardiovascular parameters, including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).
Results: The study population was predominantly male (80.8%) with a mean age of 61.66 ± 11.94 years. The three-month mortality rate was 22.5%. Significant associations were found between mortality and patient gender (P = 0.04), type of MI (P = 0.014), history of prior MI (P = 0.004), age (P < 0.001), and cardiac output (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Early diagnosis and management are crucial for high-risk MI patients, particularly the elderly and females. Interventions targeting improved cardiac output and hypertension control may enhance short-term survival. Future research should focus on comprehensive risk stratification and secondary prevention strategies.
Trials registration: Approval of the study protocol was given by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Kashan University of Medical Sciences, and the ethics code IR.KAUMS.MEDNT.REC.1402.106 was assigned.